Art of manufacturing tubing.



M. B. LLOYD. ART 0F MANUFACTURING TUBING.

APPLICATION rFILED AUG. 7| I9I2.

. Patented May 25, 1915.

LNNLU.

6 `SHEETS-SHEET I.

IVI. B. LLOYD.

ART 0F MANUFACTURING TUBING. APPLICATION FILED AuGJ. 1912.

- l l1 T0311 Patented May 25, 1915. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- IVI. B. LLOYD.

ART 0F MANUFACTURING TUBING.

Patented May 25, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wf/v me APPLICATION FILED AUG71 1912.

IVI. B. LLOYD. ART 0F MANUFACTURING TUBING.

Patented May 25, 1915.

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APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7| 1912.

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M. B. LLOYD. ART 0F MANUFACTURING TUBING.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.7 I9I2. M650 Patented May 25, 1915. .6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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nsHeLL Bonus LLoYnoF MENOMINEE MICHIGAN, .ASSIGNOBt BY MESNE Assise- MENTS, To 'man Emma :non esrEEL conrnirr, 0E El-YBIA, OHIO, A Guarana. .Y

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1:, 0E UFACTUBING' TUBING.

speieation of Letters raient. Patented Maw 25, 119Mo Application lexl August 7, 191%. Serial No. x15,850.

v To all 'whom mag/concern:

Be it known that I, HALL B. LLOYD,

- a citizen pft-he United States, and a resident of Menominee, in the county of Menominee and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful improvements in the Art ofA Manufacturing Tubing, of which the following is a specification. n

' My invention relates to improvements in the art. of manufacturing longitudinally seamed tubing from strip metal stock.

' When such stock is rolled into tubing having I edges, instead of a longitudinal seamA andwhen it is. drawn through forming dies that do not thin the stock, the seam gapes open after the tubing is discharged from the rolls or dies. ll nd that-the cause of this gaping or opening of. the seam likes in theresiliency of the metal.' rlhough the metall may be bei. and pressed with great irmness, it nevertheless is not deprived of resilience. while the same edges may be very tightly' 4pressed together inthe rolls or die, even to arrangement of the molecules of the metal,A

' can only be effected by powerful machinery 'through mechanism,

forces the metal. conste? and. at relatively high cost.`

f The purpose of my invention is to accomplish the effects prdinarily producible only by powerful machinery and much labor, with. less expenditure of power and at less cost, and, preferably, without thinning the stock, and tothe end that metal tubing having a tightly closed butt seam and of maxif mum diameter and of substantially the same thickness as theoriginal stock, may be manufactuned at practically the samecost as common open seemed-tubing. `lattain these objects by shaping a piece of strip stock into a tube having anopen longitudinal butt seam 1and also having -a longitudi; nel bead? and, by then passing .such .t1 1be such as rotary mi; Si# tionarydies, whichl Thus, it transpires that tuting the bead' into conformity .with the perimetrical remainder of the tube; that is,

l force the bead within'the boundaries de-' fined by the ultimate normal inner and outer perimeters of the tube. By so doing l produce tubing which instead of being resilient in an outward direction is either inert or positively resilient in aninward direction; thatis to say, l causea reversal of the initial resilience. The degree of reversal is determined by the dimensions and shape of the longitudinal bead and as indicated may be only suiicient to produce inertness or may besuch as to cause the abutted seam edges to press together with the force and positiveness necessary to maintain the edges in close contact during ame welding or brazing- My invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification,

and in which I have illustrated myI process ,l as carried out in and by the aid of a mechan nism which l.. find best suited thereto.

Figurel, is a plan view of the mechanism.'

Fig. 2, is a side view thereof. Fig. 3, is an enlarged plan viewof the several forming rolls that I prefer to use. Figs. 3a, 3", 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, and 3g, are `'cross sectional v' yillustrating the evolution or development of a butt seamed tube from strip stock. Fig. 4, is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, on the irregular section line X--X of Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is an enlarged section of the iirst rolls, on the line Y-Y of Fig. 4. Fig. 6, is an enlarged section ofthe. last or finishing rolls or dies, on the line Z-Z of Fig. 3, showing the inside mandrel. Fig. 7, is a plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 6. Fig. 8,is a longitudinal sectional view of a piece of tubing Ain formation, passing throu hl astationar' die, instead of between a die ormed by rol s. thereof. l

As beforeintimated the mechanism shown in the drawings is that which l have devisedu natural resilience ofthe metal to suchieX- Fig. 9, is a plan viewtent vas to secure-,any desired closeness and y pressure between the seam edges."

It is to be clearly understood that my m7 venirtion-is not limited to the specific mecha- Ynism herein shown and described but may be carried out with tools` of many other formsand kinds.

his present invention is particularly advantageous in the manufacture of welded and brazed tubing, in which cases it ils very desirable that the seam edges shalli'be in close contact at the moments when heat is applied thereto.

In practice Iemploy the novel steps herein set forth, by lWay of addition to the process described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 1,027,864, granted May 28, 1912, and the machine or apparatus intended to be shown herein is like unto the machine shown in said patent and in Patent No. 1,027,865of the same date, except in particulars incident to this present invention. On comparing the drawings herein with those inthepatent referred to, it will be apparent,that in this case- I have not .concerne'd"l myself in a showing of the measuring and cutting oil mechanlsms, requisite to a continuous process.

In the present drawings the bench or table is indica-ted by theletter, Z; the continuous vise or draw bench is indicated by,

the letter, E; the knife which removes the bur from welded tubing is indicated'by the letter, C; and, the welding mechanism is indicated by the letter, B. The oliceof the continuous vise i-s to lgrasp the tubing and draw the stock forward at a constant rate of speed. `In practice the vise also projects the finished tubing forward into the measuring and cut ofi" mechanism, not shown. The

olice of the weldin mechanism Ais to unite' 'the seam edges of t e tubing which is pre? pared in the manner about to be described.

I make use of eit er hot .rolled or cold rolled strip metal stock, and willv now describe the operation by which this stock is formed into tightly closed butt seamed tublng, before it vreaches the welding mechanlsm. The stock held in the continuous vise.

is in the form of tubing and may be readily traced back to the point A where itisy still 1n its normal or initial -flat condition. The fiat strip stock enters themachine through a guide 2 and 'thence passes through the ini. tlal forming rolls 3, 3. It then passes a positioning device 4, which is not essential 1n the present process. It is then received preferably disposed in a vertical plane, ad- `Jacent to the holding rolls B of the welding cave, b ut is provided with a complementary by varlously grooved pairs of rolls 5, Gland 7, referablydisposed in a horizontal plane, an -is finally closed by a pair of rolls 8, 8,

mechanism, if such mechanism is used. The

l roll 3 is generally convex butris provided Wlth-a middle groove 3a. The roll 3 is conmiddle rib or circumferential convexity 3". As the iiat strip stock is drawn throughthese rolls it is bent to substantially the form be shownin Figs. 3" and 5. The stock thus partially formed', on entering between the rollsv 5, 5, is further bent, to substantially the form shown .in Fig. 3. In passing the rolls 6, 6 the stock takes on the form shown in Fig. 3d; and the rolls 7, 7 deliver. the stock in the cross sectional form disclosed in Fi 3a. It' will be observed a tube which 1s shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7, contain grooves 8, 8, which are semi-circular 1n cross section and together they present a roll or die opening of circular'form and of the diam eter of the tlibe to be formed. Th-e circumference of the opening between the rolls 8, 8, formed by the rooves therein, is slightly, if any, less than txlie width of the strip stock at the point A.

It" will be clear that the stock which leaves lthe rolls 7, 7 in the condition depicted in Fig. 3e, will enter and substantially fill the openingprovided'by the rolls 8, 8, and in so omg will assume the appearance indicated in Fig. 3'. The bead 1', is'preserved substantially intact until this moment, but on entering-,the rolls 8, 8,:the bead is opposed by a mandrel 9, having a conical recelving end 9', as shown in Fig. 6. This mandrel is held in place by a tension rod 10, attached to al bracket 11, which overhangs the receiving end of the frame, 12, belonging to the rolls, 5, 6, and 7. The mandrel and the rolls together limit the passage for the stock to mere annular space substantially co-extensive with the cross section of the stock. As the stock is drawn through the same, the bead, r, is necessarily obliterated-g that is, the reserve metal constituting the bead is forced into conformity with the circumferential or perimetrical remainder of the tube, or in other words, is, forced within the' boundaries defined by the ultimate normal inner and outer perimeters of the finished tube. The stock or tube on emerging from the rolls 8 and mandrel 9 is of the true circular or other predetermined form of the passage dened by said rolls andmandrel. By thus first vforming the bead in the tube stock and by forcibly displacing and oblitervating the bead, I successfully drive the edges, t, into close contact, which contact is preserved after the tube is drawn forward beyond the restraint of the rolls 8. There is an actual reversal of the actual resilience of the metal and the degree or strengthof the reversal andthe inward resilience ma?r varied by variously forming the bead r.

lThere are two. ways inwhich this reversal Liane of resilience may be accounted for; it a forcible Idisplacement of the bead rin an outward direction, throws the opposite sides of the tube inwardly,v due to the spring ot the metal adjacent to the bead; and.i second, the forcible displacement of the metal composing the bead occurs at an instant when the die opening, formed by the rolls and mandrel, is substantially lled withmetal,

in consequence of which the swaging 1n vor addition ofthe metal composing the bead has the edect of driving the remainder of the metal circunnterentially within the die opening, giving the metal a-permanent set which holds its edges t in iirm abutment.

At times ll substitute for the rolls 5, 6, 7, and 8, a single conical die it and mandrel 9, which perform the same functions. Such die is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, wherein the receiving portion of the die is shown to present a conical throat 14:', terminating in a mmimum dimension portion ror die proper 14"..

Y Having thus described. my invention, i

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The improvement in the art of manufacturing inwardly resilient butt seam tubing, that consists in shaping apiece ofA strip metal into 4a tube having a 4substantially closed longitudinal vbutt seam, and a small inwardly disposed longitudinal bead, and then performing upon the vtube acts which force the `metal of the bead within the. inner and outer perimeters of the tube,"thereby pro' the I duc a tube'ot maum diameter d of substantially the same thickness as the inii tion to obliterate it and rmly close the Seam. n

3. rihe herein described process of making metal tubing having a tightly closed longitudinal butt seam, which consists in performing acts upon strip metalwhich shape it into a tube, very nearly approachingA the ultimate form desired but having a somewhat .open seam and which also form a relatively small longitudinal, inbent bead portion diametrically opposite to the seam, and

,nally acting upon the bead portion to force same into the continued outline of the remainder of the tube and thereby tightly t closing the seam.

lin testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of July, 1912, in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

\ i'. "i t B NS LLOYD.

f F. E. num, ILnA C. ldnnineon.v 

